Africa Safari guide – East Africa Travel guide on Overlanding Tours

An Africa Safari guide depends on your interests, whether it’s safaris in countries like Kenya, Rwanda, Zambia or Botswana, exploring the beaches of Mauritius or Zanzibar islands, or experiencing vibrant cities within African Continent. Africa is one stop center for all kinds of Safari holiday either guided or self drive adventure across Africa in classic Rental Africa from Self Drive East Africa to see the wildlife , Primates & Mountaineering adventures to Mount Kilimanjaro , Mount Kenya & Mountain Rwenzoris.

If you’re planning a first-time safari in Africa either as solo traveler or couple or family, you’ve come to the right place. Since 2012, we’ve tailor-made unforgettable trips to the ‘birthplace of safari’ for thousands of travelers from across the Africa. In this handy Africa safari guide, we share our best planning advice – from travel budgets and the top wildlife areas to Wildebeest Migration timing.

Video Credit to Edward ( Product Developer) in Rwenzori Mountains National Park.

About East Africa – Safari Guide to Kenya , Uganda , Tanzania

East Africa is one of the most exciting and beautiful safari destinations in the world. It is a land of wide-open plains, snow-capped mountains, and tropical forests filled with wildlife. Here, nature feels alive from lions roaring across the Savannah to elephants walking peacefully under the African sun. The region includes Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda, each offering its own unique safari experiences. In Kenya and Tanzania, you can witness the Great Migration, where millions of wildebeests and zebras move across the Serengeti and Masai Mara in search of fresh grass. In Uganda and Rwanda, you can trek through misty forests to meet mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. You can also climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest peak in Africa, or relax on the white beaches of Zanzibar after your safari.

An East African safari is more than just seeing animals it’s a journey into the heart of nature and culture. You’ll meet friendly local people, learn their traditions, and experience some of the most breathtaking landscapes on Earth. Whether you choose a luxury lodge or a simple tent under the stars, the Ultimate East African Safari will give you memories that last a lifetime.

What Makes East Africa So Special for Self Drive?

East Africa is a wonderful region full of nature, wildlife, and friendly people. Here are some simple points that show what makes it so special:

1. Amazing Wildlife – East Africa is home to the famous “Big Five”: lion, leopard, elephant, buffalo, and rhino. You can also see giraffes, zebras, hippos, crocodiles, and thousands of birds. The wildlife is everywhere, making every game drive exciting.
2. Gorillas and Chimpanzees – Uganda and Rwanda are famous for their mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. Solo Travel Trekking through the forests of Bwindi or Volcanoes National Park to see these gentle primates up close is one of the most unforgettable experiences in the world.
3. The Great Migration – Every year, millions of wildebeests and zebras move between Tanzania’s Serengeti and Kenya’s Masai Mara. It’s one of the most amazing wildlife events on Earth.
4. Beautiful Landscapes – The region has everything from open plains and rolling hills to tropical rain forests and white sandy beaches. You can watch elephants walk under Mount Kilimanjaro or relax by the blue waters of Lake Victoria.
5. Rich Cultures – East Africa has many traditional tribes, like the Maasai in Kenya and Tanzania , and the Batwa in Uganda. Each group has unique traditions, dances, and colourful clothing.
6. Warm and Welcoming People – East Africans are known for their friendliness and hospitality. Visitors are always greeted with smiles and kindness, making every trip feel like home.

Recommended East Africa Car Rental Fleets

Country ( Travel Destination)	Low Season Price $$	High Season Price $$	Rooftop Tent Price $$	Camping Gears $$
Kenya	150	160	20$ per day	5$ per Day Per person
Tanzania	150	160	20$ per day	5$ per day per person
Uganda	100	110	10$ per day	5$ per day Per Person
Rwanda	110	120	15$	5$ per day Per Person

Country ( Travel Destination)	Low Season Price $$	High Season Price $$	Rooftop Tent Price $$	Camping Gears $$
Kenya	160	170	20$ per day	5$ per Day Per person
Tanzania	160	170	20$ per day	5$ per day per person
Uganda	110	120	10$ per day	5$ per day Per Person
Rwanda	120	130	15$	5$ per day Per Person

Country ( Travel Destination)	Low Season Price $$	High Season Price $$	Rooftop Tent Price $$	Camping Gears $$
Uganda	80	90	10$ per day	5$ per day Per Person
Rwanda	100	110	15$	5$ per day Per Person

Top Self Drive Safari Destinations in East Africa

1. a) Kenya

Kenya is one of the best-known safari countries in the world. It is easy to travel around and has great wildlife viewing all year round.

• Masai Mara National Reserve – Famous for the Great Migration, when over a million wildebeests and zebras move between Kenya and Tanzania. You can also spot big cats like lions and cheetahs here.
• Amboseli National Park – Known for large herds of elephants and the beautiful view of Mount Kilimanjaro in the background.
• Lake Nakuru National Park – Famous for flamingos and rhinos.
• Samburu National Reserve – Offers unique animals not found elsewhere, like the Grevy’s zebra and Somali ostrich.
• Tsavo National Parks (East and West) – Great for a wild and less crowded experience.

Kenya’s safaris are well organized, with options for luxury lodges or budget camping. It’s a great country for first-time visitors.

1. b) Tanzania

Tanzania is larger and wilder than Kenya, with many national parks spread across the country. It is home to the northern and southern safari circuits.

• Serengeti National Park – The heart of Tanzania’s safari. It is where the Great Migration starts and ends, with millions of animals crossing the plains.
• Ngorongoro Crater – A UNESCO World Heritage Site with incredible scenery and a high chance of seeing the Big Five in one day.
• Tarangire National Park – Famous for elephants and giant baobab trees.
• Lake Manyara National Park – Known for tree-climbing lions and large flocks of flamingos.
• Ruaha and Selous (Nyerere National Park) – Located in southern Tanzania, these are great for off-the-beaten-path safaris with fewer tourists.

After your safari, you can relax on Zanzibar Island, known for its white beaches, spice farms, and historic Stone Town.

1. c) Uganda

Uganda is known as the “Pearl of Africa.” It is a small but very diverse country. Here, you can go on a traditional game drive and also enjoy mountain trekking, boat safaris, and rain forest walks.

• Bwindi Impenetrable National Park – Home to mountain gorillas, one of the most powerful and emotional wildlife encounters in the world.
• Kibale National Park – Known for chimpanzee trekking and bird watching.
• Murchison Falls National Park – Offers beautiful views of the Nile River and great chances to see lions, giraffes, elephants, and hippos.
• Queen Elizabeth National Park – Famous for tree-climbing lions and boat cruises on the Kazinga Channel.
• Kidepo Valley National Park – Remote and wild, perfect for adventurous travelers.

Uganda combines classic Savannah safaris with rain forest adventures, making it a unique destination.

1. d) Rwanda

Rwanda is small but full of surprises. It’s known for its clean cities, beautiful hills, and gorilla trekking.

• Volcanoes National Park – The main attraction, where you can trek to see mountain gorillas and golden monkeys.
• Akagera National Park – Offers a classic safari experience with lions, elephants, and giraffes.
• Nyungwe Forest National Park – Known for chimpanzees and canopy walks.
• Lake Kivu – A perfect place to relax after your wildlife adventures.

Rwanda is a great choice for travelers who want a short but high-quality safari experience.

Must See Events in East Africa?

1. The Great Migration: The Great Migration is one of the most spectacular wildlife events on Earth. Every year, over 1.5 million wildebeests, 250,000 zebras, and thousands of gazelles move in a big circle between Tanzania’s Serengeti and Kenya’s Masai Mara in search of green grass and water. This journey covers more than 1,800 miles and is full of drama. The most famous part of the migration happens between July and October, when the animals cross the Mara River. Crocodiles wait in the water, lions hunt along the banks, and thousands of wildebeests leap into the river together. Watching this moment in person is truly breathtaking.
2. Wildebeest Calving Season: From January to March, the southern Serengeti becomes a nursery for newborn wildebeests. Around 400,000 calves are born within a few weeks. This is an amazing sight because the open plains are filled with young animals taking their first steps. But it’s also a dangerous time. Predators such as lions, hyenas, and cheetahs are never far away. They take advantage of the easy prey, making it an exciting time for photographers and wildlife lovers. Calving season is a great chance to see both new life and the circle of nature in action.
3. Gorilla Trekking in Uganda and Rwanda: One of the most emotional and unforgettable experiences in East Africa is gorilla trekking. In Bwindi Impenetrable National Park in Uganda and Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda, visitors can hike through thick rain forests to find families of mountain gorillas. These gentle giants live peacefully in the forests, and spending even one hour with them is life-changing. You can watch them eat, play, and care for their babies. The experience feels deeply personal and reminds visitors of how close humans are to nature. Alongside gorilla trekking, travellers can also go chimpanzee trekking in Kibale National Park (Uganda), where playful chimps swing through the trees and make loud calls that echo through the forest.
4. Flamingo Gatherings at the Lakes: The lakes of East Africa, especially Lake Nakuru (Kenya) and Lake Natron (Tanzania), are home to millions of pink flamingos. When these birds gather, the lakes turn into a sea of pink it’s a beautiful and unforgettable sight. Flamingos feed on tiny algae in the lakes, and their pink colour comes from the food they eat. Watching them move gracefully across the water and take flight together is a perfect moment for photographers and nature lovers.
5. Cultural Festivals: East Africa isn’t only about wildlife it’s also rich in culture and tradition. There are several colourful festivals that show the region’s vibrant spirit.

• Lamu Cultural Festival (Kenya) – Held every year in the old town of Lamu, this event celebrates Swahili culture with traditional dances, dhow sailing races, poetry, and local food.
• KigaliUp Music Festival (Rwanda) – A joyful celebration of African music and art, bringing together artists from across the continent.
• Zanzibar International Film Festival (Tanzania) – Combines art, culture, and film in one of the most scenic coastal towns in Africa.

Best Time to Visit East Africa on Self Drive

East Africa can be visited all year, but the experience changes depending on the season. Here are the main points to consider:

1. Dry Season (June to October) – The dry season is the best time for wildlife viewing. During this period, there is little rain, and animals gather around waterholes, making it easier to see them. Parks like Masai Mara, Serengeti, and Amboseli are perfect for game drives. The skies are clear, which is ideal for photography, and the roads are easier to drive on.
2. Short Rains (November to December) – This is when East Africa experiences short rains. The landscapes become green and beautiful, and there are fewer tourists in the parks. Wildlife is still easy to find, but some roads may be muddy. This is also a good time to enjoy lower prices for lodges and campsites.
3. Long Rains (March to May) – During the long rains, many areas experience heavy rainfall. Some roads may become difficult to travel, and some parks are less accessible. However, this is the best time for bird watching, as migratory birds arrive, and the scenery is lush and green. Prices for safaris are usually lower, making it good for budget travellers.
4. Gorilla and Chimpanzee Trekking – Gorilla and chimpanzee trekking in Uganda and Rwanda can be done all year, but the best months are June to September and December to February, when the weather is drier. Trails are less slippery, and the trekking experience is more comfortable.
5. Migration Viewing – If your main goal is to see the Great Migration, the timing depends on where the animals are. From December to March, the herds are in the southern Serengeti. From July to October, they are in the Masai Mara, facing dramatic river crossings.

East Africa Safari Experiences

1. Game Drive Safari – The most common type of safari is the game drive. On a game drive, you travel in a 4×4 vehicle, often with a pop-up roof, through national parks and reserves. You can see wild animals like lions, elephants, leopards, giraffes, and zebras in their natural habitats. Parks such as Masai Mara in Kenya, Serengeti in Tanzania, and Amboseli in Kenya are perfect for game drives. A trained guide drives the vehicle and helps spot animals while explaining their behaviour. Game drives are usually done early in the morning or late in the afternoon when animals are most active.

2. Walking Safari – A walking safari allows you to explore the wilderness on foot with a guide. This type of safari is slower and more personal than a game drive. You learn to identify animal tracks, small insects, birds, and plants. Walking safaris give a real sense of being close to nature and are often conducted in areas with fewer large predators, like Selous Reserve in Tanzania or private conservancies in Kenya. It’s also an opportunity to appreciate the smaller details of the ecosystem that you might miss in a vehicle.

3. Boat Safari – In some parks and reserves, you can explore by boat instead of a vehicle. Boat safaris are popular on rivers and lakes, such as the Kazinga Channel in Uganda or the Rufiji River in Tanzania. On a boat safari, you can see hippos, crocodiles, and hundreds of bird species close to the water. Boat safaris are quieter than game drives and allow for excellent photography and peaceful observation of wildlife from the water.

4. Hot Air Balloon Safari – A hot air balloon safari is a magical way to see the African plains from above. This type of safari is popular in the Serengeti and Masai Mara. Early in the morning, you rise in the balloon as the sun rises, floating over herds of animals. You can spot lions, elephants, and giraffes moving across the open savannah. Hot air balloon safaris provide a unique perspective of the landscape and are often followed by a champagne breakfast in the bush, making it a luxurious and unforgettable experience.

5. Gorilla and Chimpanzee Trekking – East Africa is home to mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. Gorilla trekking in Bwindi Impenetrable Forest (Uganda) and Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda) lets you hike through dense forests to meet gorillas in the wild. Similarly, chimpanzee trekking in Kibale Forest (Uganda) allows you to watch playful chimps swing through the trees. These experiences are highly emotional and unique because you are observing intelligent primates up close in their natural habitats.

6. Cultural Safari – A cultural safari focuses on meeting local people and learning about their traditions. You can visit Maasai villages in Kenya and Tanzania, or Batwa communities in Uganda, to see traditional dances, crafts, and daily life. Cultural safaris give travellers insight into how local people live alongside wildlife and connect with the region beyond just the natural environment.

7. Camping and Luxury Safaris – For adventure lovers, camping safaris let you sleep in tents inside or near parks. You can hear the sounds of the wild at night, making the experience very close to nature. On the other hand, luxury safaris offer high-end lodges, private vehicles, gourmet food, and guided game drives. Luxury safaris are perfect for travellers who want comfort without missing any wildlife action.

8. Self-Drive Safari – A self-drive safari allows you to drive your own 4×4 vehicle through national parks. It gives freedom to explore at your own pace. You must follow park rules, stay safe, and prepare with maps, GPS, and fuel. Popular in Kenya and Tanzania, self-drive safaris suit adventurous travellers who enjoy independence.

9. Guided Safari – On a guided safari, a professional driver-guide takes you through the parks. The guide knows where animals are likely to be, can spot hidden wildlife, and explains behaviour and habitats. Guided safaris are easier for first-time visitors and those who want expert knowledge and convenience.

Combining Safari and Beach Holiday

After days of adventure, you can relax by the Indian Ocean.

• Zanzibar (Tanzania) – Known for beautiful beaches, spice farms, and rich history.
• Diani Beach (Kenya) – A peaceful spot with white sand and clear water.
• Lamu Island (Kenya) – Offers Swahili culture and dhow sailing.

Many travelers combine a one-week safari with a few days on the coast it’s the perfect balance between excitement and rest.

East Africa Safari Packing List

Packing the right things will make your safari more enjoyable.

• Clothing: Lightweight, neutral-coloured clothes (khaki, brown, green). Avoid bright colours and camouflage.
• Footwear: Comfortable walking shoes or boots.
• Accessories: Hat, sunglasses, sunscreen, and insect repellent.
• Gear: Binoculars, camera, extra batteries, and power bank.
• Documents: Passport, visa, travel insurance, and vaccination certificates (especially yellow fever).
• Others: Light jacket for mornings and evenings, reusable water bottle, and personal medicines.

East Africa Accommodation Options

East Africa has a wide range of accommodation to suit every budget, from simple campsites to luxurious lodges. For Kenya and Tanzania always check out for public campsites and bands

1. Budget Accommodation – Budget options are perfect for travelers who want to save money but still enjoy the safari experience. These are usually simple lodges or campsites with basic facilities.

• Kenya:
  • Sentrim Mara Camp (Masai Mara) – Simple tents with shared facilities.
  • Kenyatta Camp (Amboseli) – Affordable and close to wildlife.
• Tanzania:
  • Ndutu Camp (Southern Serengeti) – Basic tented accommodation near wildlife.
  • Kirurumu Manyara Camp (Lake Manyara) – Budget tents with great views.
• Uganda:
  • Wildwaters Lodge (Jinja) – Affordable and near adventure activities.
• Rwanda:
  • Backpackers Hostel Kigali – Budget-friendly rooms for short stays.

Campsites:

• Ol Kinyei Conservancy Campsite (Kenya) – For travellers with tents or rooftop tents.
• Mikumi Campsite (Tanzania) – Simple and close to the park.
• Rushaga Gorilla Camp (Uganda)

2. Mid-Range Accommodation – Mid-range lodges are comfortable, with private rooms, hot showers, and good meals. They are ideal for families or travellers who want comfort without high costs.

• Kenya:
  • Mara Intrepids Tented Camp (Masai Mara) – Comfortable tents with private bathrooms.
  • Amboseli Serena Safari Lodge – Rooms with great views of Mount Kilimanjaro.
• Tanzania:
  • Lake Naivasha Sopa Lodge – Comfortable rooms near the lake.
  • Seronera Wildlife Lodge (Serengeti) – Mid-range lodge inside the park.
• Uganda:
  • Turaco Treetop Lodge (Kibale) – Mid-range lodge with stunning views.
  • Mweya Safari lodge (Queen) – Mid-range lodge with stunning views.
• Rwanda:
  • Nyungwe Top View Hill Hotel – Comfortable rooms near Nyungwe Forest.

3. Luxury Accommodation – Luxury lodges offer high-end comfort, gourmet food, and sometimes private safari experiences. Perfect for travellers who want the best of comfort and wildlife.

• Kenya:
  • Angama Mara (Masai Mara) – Luxury tents with amazing views over the Mara River.
  • Ol Donyo Lodge (Chyulu Hills) – Private villas and stunning scenery.
• Tanzania:
  • Four Seasons Safari Lodge Serengeti – Luxury rooms with pools and game-viewing decks.
  • Ngorongoro Crater Lodge – High-end lodge with unique architecture and views.
• Uganda:
  • Bwindi Lodge (Bwindi) – Luxury safari lodge near gorilla trekking areas.
• Rwanda:
  • One &Only Nyungwe House – Exclusive lodge with comfort and nature experiences.

East Africa Health and Safety Tips

1. Vaccinations – Before traveling, make sure you are up to date on vaccinations. Yellow fever vaccination is required for most travelers. Other recommended vaccines include typhoid, hepatitis A and B, and tetanus. Check with your doctor for advice based on your travel plans.
2. Malaria Prevention – Malaria is present in many parts of East Africa. Use mosquito repellent, wear long-sleeved clothes in the evenings, and sleep under a mosquito net. Taking anti-malaria medication prescribed by a doctor is also recommended, especially in Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya’s lowlands.
3. Drinking Water – Drink bottled or filtered water to avoid stomach problems. Avoid ice from unknown sources and raw vegetables that may have been washed in unsafe water.
4. Wildlife Safety – Always follow park rules and stay inside your vehicle during game drives. Keep a safe distance from animals, never feed them, and listen to your guide. Wild animals can be dangerous if approached.
5. Road Safety – If you are self-driving, be cautious on rural roads. Roads can be rough or muddy during the rainy season. Drive slowly, especially near wildlife crossings, and always carry spare tires, a first aid kit, and extra fuel.
6. Travel Insurance – Always have travel insurance that covers medical emergencies, accidents, and evacuation. Safari locations can be remote, and having insurance ensures quick help if needed.
7. Personal Safety – Avoid walking alone at night in towns or cities. Keep your valuables secure and use hotel safes. Respect local customs and dress modestly in rural areas.
8. Sun Protection – East Africa can be very sunny. Wear hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen to protect your skin. Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated in the hot sun.
9. Emergency Contacts – Keep a list of emergency contacts, including local hospitals, your embassy, and safari operators. Mobile phone coverage can be limited in remote parks, so plan accordingly.

East Africa Travel Tips & advises

• Visa: Many East African countries offer the East Africa Tourist Visa, which covers Kenya, Uganda, and Rwanda with one payment.
• Currency: Use US dollars or local currencies like Kenyan shillings, Tanzanian shillings, and Ugandan shillings.
• Language: English and Swahili are widely spoken.
• Transport: Domestic flights save time between parks, but road trips let you see more scenery.
• Tipping: It’s common to tip guides and lodge staff for good service.

Getting around East Africa National Parks

1. By Road Transport – Traveling by road allows you to move between parks and nearby towns in a 4×4 vehicle. Roads can vary from paved highways to rough dirt tracks, especially in rural areas or during the rainy season. A 4×4 vehicle with a pop-up roof is recommended for safari drives.

Examples of road travel:

• Nairobi to Masai Mara (Kenya): 5–6 hours
• Arusha to Serengeti (Tanzania): 6–7 hours
• Entebbe to Bwindi Impenetrable Forest (Uganda): 8–9 hours
• Nairobi to Amboseli (Kenya): 4–5 hours

2. By Air Transport – Many national parks have small airstrips for domestic flights, which are useful for reaching remote areas quickly. Domestic airlines operate flights between major cities and park airstrips. Luggage is usually limited to 15–20 kg.

Examples of air travel:

• Nairobi to Maasai Mara Airstrips: 45 minutes
• Arusha to Seronera (Serengeti, Tanzania): 1 hour
• Kigali to Volcanoes National Park (Rwanda): 30 minutes
• Entebbe to Bwindi Gorilla Forest (Uganda): 1 hour

3. Combining Air and Road Transport – Many travelers use a combination of air and road travel. For example, you can fly to a park’s airstrip and then drive in a 4×4 for game drives or to reach lodges and campsites nearby.

Conclusion

The Ultimate East African Safari is a journey through some of the most spectacular landscapes and wildlife on Earth. From the rolling plains of the Serengeti and Masai Mara to the misty forests of Bwindi and Volcanoes National Park, East Africa offers experiences that stay in your memory forever. You can witness lions, elephants, giraffes, and zebras, watch the Great Migration, or trek through forests to meet mountain gorillas and chimpanzees. Beyond wildlife, the region’s rich cultures from the Maasai and Swahili to the Batwa add a unique human connection to your adventure.